Consumer Class Actions: 2.4.3.1 Generally
There are three types of exceptions to CAFA jurisdiction: (1) when there are state defendants; (2) for shareholder securities and derivative suits; and (3) when the case has a close nexus to the forum state. Each of these exceptions is discussed below. Sometimes it is the defendant who urges the exception in response to a suit filed in federal court asserting CAFA jurisdiction, and sometimes it is the plaintiff who takes this position in response to removal of a suit filed in state court.